Dry eye disease is a very common condition affecting 1 in 3 people around the world to varying degrees. Staying on top of this is very important.
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Ocular Surface Disease (Dry Eye)
It’s been estimated that over 50% of adults in America have some symptoms of dryness or irritation to the eyes. The root of the problem can be seen in a group of conditions known collectively as ocular surface disease (OSD). There are 3 main components to OSD: dry eye syndrome, blepharitis, and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD)
A condition that affects the surface of the eye due to decrease tear production or rapid evaporation of tears. Dry eye conditions may be caused by the normal aging process, environmental factors, medications, disease, and poor blinking habits. Some tasks, such as prolonged computer use, reading, or driving can make the condition worse. Diseases such as arthritis and Sjogren’s Syndrome can also cause dry eye symptoms. Treatments may include artificial tear supplements, drugs such as Restasis or Xiidra, and omega 3 fish oil supplements. In more moderate to severe cases, we can use special “plugs” to block the flow of tears away from the eye.
Blepharitis is the build of bacteria on a patient’s eyelids and lashes. Often a chronic problem that smolders over time, patient’s tend to feel slightly irritated eyes with mild redness. A good lid hygiene regimen is important in decreasing the overall bacterial load on the lids. In severe cases medicated drops, ointments, and even in office procedures may be used to jump start the healing process.
Meibomian gland dysfunction, commonly called MGD, is a growing concern and cause for ocular surface disease. The meibomian glands run vertically along both the upper and lower lids, and excrete a vital component of a person’s tears. In MGD the excretion hardens, the gland stagnates, and will eventually atrophy; this can cause severe and chronic dry eye. Topical treatments, medications, and supplements may be used to help manage meibomian gland dysfunction.